Tool

50-State Comparison: K–12 Governance

October 2025 | Education Commission of the States

This tool from the Education Commission of the States provides a national overview of state education governance, clarifying how policymaking roles are structured and interact across K–12 systems. It outlines the constitutional and statutory authority of governors, legislatures, chief state school officers, executive-level secretaries, state boards of education, and local school boards. Users can explore 50-state comparisons, individual state profiles, and key data points such as constitutional provisions, funding language, and appointment authority. The resource highlights variations across states—for example, how chief state school officers are selected, the formal authority of state boards, and the role of executive-level secretaries. By making complex governance systems more accessible, this tool can help policymakers, educators, and researchers better understand decision-making authority, identify similarities and differences across states, and consider implications for policy design, implementation, and reform.