This brief from the National Association of State Boards of Education details the barriers teacher licensure tests pose for the teacher pipeline. Victoria Van Cleef outlines these barriers, including their high cost, their weak predictability of success in the classroom or effect on student achievement, and their racial disparities. Van Cleef provides recommendations for a shift away from standardized licensure tests, suggesting reorienting teacher licensure rules to focus on a demonstrated ability to help students learn—in student teaching, in preservice training, and in a teacher’s first years on the job. Instead of using proxies, teacher preparation providers should develop performance-based criteria for granting temporary or initial certification that can substitute for preservice testing requirements; similarly, local school systems should develop performance-based criteria to replace tests required for earning full certification. The author discusses several states where similar performance-based measures have already been implemented.