This Learning Policy Institute report reviews 35 methodologically rigorous studies that have demonstrated a positive link between teacher professional development, teaching practices, and student outcomes. Based on this analysis, effective professional development should: (1) focus on content and discipline-specific pedagogies, (2) incorporate active learning, (3) support collaboration, (4) use models of effective practice, (5) provide coaching and expert support, (6) offer feedback and reflection, and (7) sustain duration. Additionally, this report offers descriptions of these models to inform those seeking to understand how to foster successful strategies. The report concludes by outlining how seven policy recommendations can help support and incentivize evidence-based professional development.